Greek Tax Deadlines and Filing Requirements: Staying Compliant as an Expat

Reading time: 15 minutes

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Understanding Greek Tax Residency
• Key Tax Deadlines for Expats in Greece
• Essential Tax Forms for Expats
• Income Tax Rates and Brackets
• Deductions and Credits Available to Expats
• Special Considerations for Property Owners
• Navigating the Greek Tax System: Tips and Strategies
• Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
• Conclusion
• FAQs

Introduction

As an expat living in Greece, understanding and complying with the local tax system is crucial for maintaining your legal status and avoiding potential penalties. The Greek tax landscape can be complex, especially for those accustomed to different fiscal regimes. This comprehensive guide aims to demystify Greek tax deadlines and filing requirements, providing you with the knowledge and tools to navigate this intricate system successfully.

Greece, with its stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage, has become an increasingly popular destination for expats seeking a Mediterranean lifestyle. Whether you’re retired, working remotely, or have decided to buy home in greece, understanding your tax obligations is essential. Let’s delve into the intricacies of Greek taxation and explore how you can stay compliant while maximizing your financial well-being.

Understanding Greek Tax Residency

Before we dive into specific deadlines and requirements, it’s crucial to understand the concept of tax residency in Greece. Your tax residency status determines the extent of your tax obligations to the Greek state.

Criteria for Tax Residency

In Greece, you are considered a tax resident if you meet any of the following criteria:

• You spend more than 183 days in Greece during any calendar year.
• Your center of vital interests (personal, economic, or social ties) is in Greece.
• You are a Greek civil servant posted abroad.

It’s important to note that tax residency in Greece can have implications for your tax obligations in your home country. Many countries have double taxation agreements with Greece, which can help prevent you from being taxed twice on the same income.

Key Tax Deadlines for Expats in Greece

Understanding and adhering to Greek tax deadlines is crucial for maintaining compliance. Here are the primary dates you need to mark on your calendar:

Annual Income Tax Return

The deadline for submitting your annual income tax return in Greece is typically June 30th of the year following the tax year. For example, for the 2023 tax year, you would need to file your return by June 30, 2024. However, it’s important to note that this deadline can sometimes be extended by the Greek government, so it’s advisable to stay informed about any potential changes.

Payment of Income Tax

If you owe income tax, you generally have three options for payment:

1. Pay the full amount by July 31st of the filing year.
2. Pay in two equal installments: the first by July 31st and the second by September 30th.
3. Pay in three equal installments: July 31st, September 30th, and November 30th.

ENFIA Property Tax

If you own property in Greece, you’ll need to pay the Unified Property Ownership Tax (ENFIA). The payment schedule for ENFIA is typically spread over five monthly installments, starting from September and ending in January of the following year.

Essential Tax Forms for Expats

Navigating the Greek tax system requires familiarity with several key forms. Here are the most important ones for expats:

E1 Form

This is the main income tax return form. It’s used to declare all types of income, including employment income, rental income, and foreign-sourced income. As an expat, you’ll need to ensure that all your worldwide income is accurately reported on this form.

E2 Form

If you have rental income from property in Greece, you’ll need to complete the E2 form. This form is used to report details of your rental properties and the income derived from them.

E3 Form

For those who are self-employed or run a business in Greece, the E3 form is used to report business income and expenses.

E9 Form

This form is used to declare property ownership. If you’ve purchased property in Greece, you’ll need to submit an E9 form to update your property holdings.

Income Tax Rates and Brackets

Understanding Greek income tax rates is essential for effective financial planning. As of 2023, the income tax brackets for individuals in Greece are as follows:

It’s important to note that these rates apply to employment and pension income. Different rates may apply to other types of income, such as rental income or dividends.

Deductions and Credits Available to Expats

The Greek tax system offers various deductions and credits that can help reduce your tax liability. As an expat, it’s crucial to be aware of these opportunities:

Medical Expenses

You can deduct medical expenses that exceed 5% of your taxable income. This includes costs for doctors, dentists, hospital care, and prescription medications.

Charitable Donations

Donations to recognized charitable organizations in Greece can be deducted from your taxable income, up to a certain limit.

Mortgage Interest

If you’ve taken out a mortgage to purchase a primary residence in Greece, you may be eligible to deduct a portion of the interest paid.

Education Expenses

Certain education expenses, including private school tuition for children, may be eligible for tax credits.

Special Considerations for Property Owners

If you’ve decided to buy home in greece, there are additional tax considerations to keep in mind:

ENFIA Property Tax

As mentioned earlier, property owners in Greece are subject to the Unified Property Ownership Tax (ENFIA). The amount of ENFIA you owe is based on several factors, including the size, location, and value of your property.

Rental Income

If you rent out your property, you’ll need to declare the rental income on your tax return. Rental income is taxed at progressive rates, starting at 15% for annual rental income up to €12,000.

Capital Gains Tax

If you sell a property in Greece, you may be subject to capital gains tax. The current rate is 15% of the gain, although there are exemptions for properties held for long periods or those that serve as a primary residence.

Navigating the Greek Tax System: Tips and Strategies

Successfully managing your tax obligations in Greece requires a proactive approach. Here are some strategies to help you navigate the system effectively:

Stay Informed

Tax laws and regulations can change frequently. Stay up-to-date with the latest developments by regularly checking the Greek Tax Authority’s website or consulting with a local tax professional.

Keep Detailed Records

Maintain comprehensive records of all your income sources, expenses, and relevant financial transactions. This will make the filing process smoother and help support your declarations in case of an audit.

Consider Professional Help

Given the complexity of the Greek tax system, especially for expats, it may be worthwhile to engage the services of a qualified tax advisor or accountant who specializes in expat taxation.

Plan for Exchange Rate Fluctuations

If you have income or assets in foreign currencies, be aware of how exchange rate fluctuations might affect your tax liability. Consider strategies to mitigate currency risk.

Explore Double Taxation Agreements

If you’re still liable for taxes in your home country, investigate whether there’s a double taxation agreement between Greece and your country of origin. These agreements can help prevent you from being taxed twice on the same income.

Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them

Many expats encounter challenges when dealing with the Greek tax system. Here are some common pitfalls and how to avoid them:

Misunderstanding Tax Residency Rules

Failing to properly determine your tax residency status can lead to significant issues. If you’re unsure about your status, seek professional advice to clarify your obligations.

Underreporting Foreign Income

As a Greek tax resident, you’re required to report your worldwide income. Failing to declare income from foreign sources can result in penalties and legal issues.

Missing Deadlines

Late filing or payment can lead to fines and interest charges. Set reminders for important tax dates and consider filing early to avoid last-minute complications.

Overlooking Available Deductions

Many expats miss out on potential tax savings by not claiming all eligible deductions. Familiarize yourself with the available deductions or consult with a tax professional to ensure you’re maximizing your tax efficiency.

Ignoring Language Barriers

While some tax forms and information may be available in English, much of the Greek tax system operates in Greek. Don’t let language barriers prevent you from understanding your obligations. Seek translation services or professional help when needed.

Conclusion

Navigating the Greek tax system as an expat requires diligence, planning, and a thorough understanding of local regulations. By familiarizing yourself with key deadlines, essential forms, and available deductions, you can ensure compliance while optimizing your tax position. Remember that the Greek tax landscape is subject to change, so staying informed and seeking professional advice when needed are crucial strategies for long-term success.

Whether you’re working, retired, or have decided to buy home in greece, understanding and fulfilling your tax obligations is an essential part of your expat journey. By approaching Greek taxation with knowledge and preparation, you can focus on enjoying the many benefits of life in this beautiful Mediterranean country, secure in the knowledge that your financial affairs are in order.

FAQs

1. Do I need to file a tax return in Greece if I’m only living there part-time?

If you spend more than 183 days in Greece during a calendar year, you’re generally considered a tax resident and required to file a tax return. However, even if you spend less time in Greece, you may still need to file if you have Greek-sourced income or own property in the country. It’s advisable to consult with a tax professional to determine your specific obligations.

2. Can I file my Greek tax return in English?

While some tax-related information is available in English, the official tax return forms are typically in Greek. If you’re not comfortable with the Greek language, it’s recommended to seek assistance from a bilingual tax professional or use certified translation services to ensure accuracy in your filings.

3. How do I pay my Greek taxes from abroad?

The Greek tax authority provides options for online payment through their TAXISnet system. You can also pay through a Greek bank account. If you don’t have a Greek bank account, you may be able to make an international bank transfer, but be sure to account for any transfer fees and processing times to ensure your payment is received by the deadline.

4. What happens if I miss a tax deadline in Greece?

Missing tax deadlines in Greece can result in penalties and interest charges. The specific consequences depend on the nature and duration of the delay. For late filing, you may face a penalty of 100 to 500 euros, depending on the type of tax return. For late payment, you could be charged interest at a rate of 0.73% per month. It’s crucial to file and pay on time to avoid these additional costs.

5. Are there any special tax incentives for retirees moving to Greece?

Greece has introduced a special tax regime for foreign retirees who transfer their tax residence to Greece. Under this program, qualifying individuals can opt for a flat tax rate of 7% on their foreign-sourced pension income for a period of 15 years. However, this program has specific requirements and conditions, so it’s important to consult with a tax advisor to determine if you’re eligible and if it’s beneficial for your situation.

Article reviewed by Liina Tamm, Real Estate and Investment Expert | Consultant for Commercial and Residential Properties | Market Analysis and Strategies for International Investors, on March 22, 2025